E3 ubiquitin ligase
E3 ubiquitin ligase (A ubiquitin ligase ) is a protein that recruits an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that has been loaded with ubiquitin, recognizes a protein substrate, and assists or directly catalyzes the transfer of ubiquitin from the E2 to the protein substrate. The ubiquitin is attached to a lysine on the target protein by an isopeptide bond. E3 ligases interact with both the target protein and the E2 enzyme, and so impart substrate specificity to the E2. Commonly, E3s polyubiquitinate their substrate with Lys48-linked chains of ubiquitin, targeting the substrate for destruction by the proteasome. However, many other types of linkages are possible and alter a protein's activity, interactions, or localization. Ubiquitination by E3 ligases regulates diverse areas such as cell trafficking, DNA repair, and signaling and is of profound importance in cell biology. E3 ligases are also key players in cell cycle control, mediating the degradation of cyclins, as well as cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor proteins.
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SMER 3是E3 ubiquitin ligase的选择性抑制剂。
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SIB 1508Y maleate是α4β2, α2β4, α4β4和α3β4 nACh的活性激动剂。
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SIB 1553A hydrochloride是亚型选择性的nAChR激动剂。
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SEN 12333是α7 nAChR的激动剂也是 histamine H3的拮抗剂。
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Sazetidine A dihydrochloride是α4β2 受体配体，作为一种激动剂/脱敏剂使用。。
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